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              "value": "Unexpected Status Code or Return Value vulnerability in ninenines gun (\u003ctt\u003egun_http\u003c/tt\u003e module) allows a malicious HTTP server to force the client into raw protocol mode via an unsolicited 101 Switching Protocols response.\u003cp\u003eIn \u003ctt\u003egun_http:handle_inform/8\u003c/tt\u003e, when a \u003ctt\u003e101 Switching Protocols\u003c/tt\u003e response is received over HTTP/1.1, the function verifies only that the \u003ctt\u003eUpgrade\u003c/tt\u003e header is syntactically valid and that the stream reference is a plain \u003ctt\u003ereference()\u003c/tt\u003e. It does not check whether the client ever sent an \u003ctt\u003eUpgrade\u003c/tt\u003e or \u003ctt\u003eConnection: upgrade\u003c/tt\u003e header on the corresponding request. Because this check is absent, any 101 response (solicited or not) causes gun to dispatch a \u003ctt\u003egun_upgrade\u003c/tt\u003e message to the caller and transition the entire connection to raw protocol mode.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA malicious or compromised HTTP server can send an unsolicited 101 response to any HTTP/1.1 request, causing the gun client to abandon HTTP framing for that connection. Once in raw mode, \u003ctt\u003egun_raw\u003c/tt\u003e applies no flow control (\u003ctt\u003eflow=infinity\u003c/tt\u003e) and re-arms socket \u003ctt\u003eactive\u003c/tt\u003e mode after every received packet, so the server can flood the client with arbitrary bytes. These are forwarded as unbounded \u003ctt\u003egun_data\u003c/tt\u003e messages to the owner process, exhausting its mailbox and BEAM memory, ultimately crashing the VM.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects gun: from 2.0.0 before 2.4.0.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Unexpected Status Code or Return Value vulnerability in ninenines gun (gun_http module) allows a malicious HTTP server to force the client into raw protocol mode via an unsolicited 101 Switching Protocols response.\n\nIn gun_http:handle_inform/8, when a 101 Switching Protocols response is received over HTTP/1.1, the function verifies only that the Upgrade header is syntactically valid and that the stream reference is a plain reference(). It does not check whether the client ever sent an Upgrade or Connection: upgrade header on the corresponding request. Because this check is absent, any 101 response (solicited or not) causes gun to dispatch a gun_upgrade message to the caller and transition the entire connection to raw protocol mode.\n\nA malicious or compromised HTTP server can send an unsolicited 101 response to any HTTP/1.1 request, causing the gun client to abandon HTTP framing for that connection. Once in raw mode, gun_raw applies no flow control (flow=infinity) and re-arms socket active mode after every received packet, so the server can flood the client with arbitrary bytes. These are forwarded as unbounded gun_data messages to the owner process, exhausting its mailbox and BEAM memory, ultimately crashing the VM.\n\nThis issue affects gun: from 2.0.0 before 2.4.0."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-220",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-220 Client-Server Protocol Manipulation"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-130",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-130 Excessive Allocation"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 8.7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-841",
              "description": "CWE-841 Improper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-08T16:34:38.989Z",
        "orgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
        "shortName": "EEF"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "related",
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-43974.html"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-43974"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/ninenines/gun/commit/5b48068c29ce5e112cb149b5857c7d4dc319a81b"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "gun HTTP/1.1 client accepts unsolicited 101 Switching Protocols response allowing server-driven protocol hijack and OOM",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "cvelib 1.8.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
    "assignerShortName": "EEF",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-43974",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-08T14:12:36.957Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-04T18:23:25.574Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-08T16:34:38.989Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}