CVE-2025-22024 (GCVE-0-2025-22024)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-16 14:11 – Updated: 2026-05-11 21:11
VLAI?
Title
nfsd: fix management of listener transports
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfsd: fix management of listener transports Currently, when no active threads are running, a root user using nfsdctl command can try to remove a particular listener from the list of previously added ones, then start the server by increasing the number of threads, it leads to the following problem: [ 158.835354] refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. [ 158.835603] WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 9145 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0x160/0x1a0 [ 158.836017] Modules linked in: rpcrdma rdma_cm iw_cm ib_cm ib_core nfsd auth_rpcgss nfs_acl lockd grace overlay isofs uinput snd_seq_dummy snd_hrtimer nft_fib_inet nft_fib_ipv4 nft_fib_ipv6 nft_fib nft_reject_inet nf_reject_ipv4 nf_reject_ipv6 nft_reject nft_ct nft_chain_nat nf_nat nf_conntrack nf_defrag_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv4 rfkill ip_set nf_tables qrtr sunrpc vfat fat uvcvideo videobuf2_vmalloc videobuf2_memops uvc videobuf2_v4l2 videodev videobuf2_common snd_hda_codec_generic mc e1000e snd_hda_intel snd_intel_dspcfg snd_hda_codec snd_hda_core snd_hwdep snd_seq snd_seq_device snd_pcm snd_timer snd soundcore sg loop dm_multipath dm_mod nfnetlink vsock_loopback vmw_vsock_virtio_transport_common vmw_vsock_vmci_transport vmw_vmci vsock xfs libcrc32c crct10dif_ce ghash_ce vmwgfx sha2_ce sha256_arm64 sr_mod sha1_ce cdrom nvme drm_client_lib drm_ttm_helper ttm nvme_core drm_kms_helper nvme_auth drm fuse [ 158.840093] CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 9145 Comm: nfsd Kdump: loaded Tainted: G B W 6.13.0-rc6+ #7 [ 158.840624] Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE, [W]=WARN [ 158.840802] Hardware name: VMware, Inc. VMware20,1/VBSA, BIOS VMW201.00V.24006586.BA64.2406042154 06/04/2024 [ 158.841220] pstate: 61400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO +DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) [ 158.841563] pc : refcount_warn_saturate+0x160/0x1a0 [ 158.841780] lr : refcount_warn_saturate+0x160/0x1a0 [ 158.842000] sp : ffff800089be7d80 [ 158.842147] x29: ffff800089be7d80 x28: ffff00008e68c148 x27: ffff00008e68c148 [ 158.842492] x26: ffff0002e3b5c000 x25: ffff600011cd1829 x24: ffff00008653c010 [ 158.842832] x23: ffff00008653c000 x22: 1fffe00011cd1829 x21: ffff00008653c028 [ 158.843175] x20: 0000000000000002 x19: ffff00008653c010 x18: 0000000000000000 [ 158.843505] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: 0000000000000000 [ 158.843836] x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 0000000000000001 x12: ffff600050a26493 [ 158.844143] x11: 1fffe00050a26492 x10: ffff600050a26492 x9 : dfff800000000000 [ 158.844475] x8 : 00009fffaf5d9b6e x7 : ffff000285132493 x6 : 0000000000000001 [ 158.844823] x5 : ffff000285132490 x4 : ffff600050a26493 x3 : ffff8000805e72bc [ 158.845174] x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : ffff000098588000 [ 158.845528] Call trace: [ 158.845658] refcount_warn_saturate+0x160/0x1a0 (P) [ 158.845894] svc_recv+0x58c/0x680 [sunrpc] [ 158.846183] nfsd+0x1fc/0x348 [nfsd] [ 158.846390] kthread+0x274/0x2f8 [ 158.846546] ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 [ 158.846714] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- nfsd_nl_listener_set_doit() would manipulate the list of transports of server's sv_permsocks and close the specified listener but the other list of transports (server's sp_xprts list) would not be changed leading to the problem above. Instead, determined if the nfsdctl is trying to remove a listener, in which case, delete all the existing listener transports and re-create all-but-the-removed ones.
Severity ?
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 16a471177496c8e04a9793812c187a2c1a2192fa , < a84c80515ca8a0cdf6d06f1b6ca721224b08453e (git)
Affected: 16a471177496c8e04a9793812c187a2c1a2192fa , < 052a34f093fb940a145493d1438e7abbfe507cdd (git)
Affected: 16a471177496c8e04a9793812c187a2c1a2192fa , < 0f42df0ab2b11ea6b2884bdaf6dbc3be6dde7e82 (git)
Affected: 16a471177496c8e04a9793812c187a2c1a2192fa , < d093c90892607be505e801469d6674459e69ab89 (git)
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    Linux Linux Affected: 6.10
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.10 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.23 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.13.11 , ≤ 6.13.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.14.2 , ≤ 6.14.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.15 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "LOCAL",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 5.5,
              "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
              "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
              "integrityImpact": "NONE",
              "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
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              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-22024",
                "options": [
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                    "Automatable": "no"
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                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-10-01T17:05:34.999915Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
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          "dateUpdated": "2025-10-01T17:05:37.618Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
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        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
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    "cna": {
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          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
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              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*",
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              "version": "6.13.11",
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      "cpeApplicability": [
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              "cpeMatch": [
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnfsd: fix management of listener transports\n\nCurrently, when no active threads are running, a root user using nfsdctl\ncommand can try to remove a particular listener from the list of previously\nadded ones, then start the server by increasing the number of threads,\nit leads to the following problem:\n\n[  158.835354] refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.\n[  158.835603] WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 9145 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0x160/0x1a0\n[  158.836017] Modules linked in: rpcrdma rdma_cm iw_cm ib_cm ib_core nfsd auth_rpcgss nfs_acl lockd grace overlay isofs uinput snd_seq_dummy snd_hrtimer nft_fib_inet nft_fib_ipv4 nft_fib_ipv6 nft_fib nft_reject_inet nf_reject_ipv4 nf_reject_ipv6 nft_reject nft_ct nft_chain_nat nf_nat nf_conntrack nf_defrag_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv4 rfkill ip_set nf_tables qrtr sunrpc vfat fat uvcvideo videobuf2_vmalloc videobuf2_memops uvc videobuf2_v4l2 videodev videobuf2_common snd_hda_codec_generic mc e1000e snd_hda_intel snd_intel_dspcfg snd_hda_codec snd_hda_core snd_hwdep snd_seq snd_seq_device snd_pcm snd_timer snd soundcore sg loop dm_multipath dm_mod nfnetlink vsock_loopback vmw_vsock_virtio_transport_common vmw_vsock_vmci_transport vmw_vmci vsock xfs libcrc32c crct10dif_ce ghash_ce vmwgfx sha2_ce sha256_arm64 sr_mod sha1_ce cdrom nvme drm_client_lib drm_ttm_helper ttm nvme_core drm_kms_helper nvme_auth drm fuse\n[  158.840093] CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 9145 Comm: nfsd Kdump: loaded Tainted: G    B   W          6.13.0-rc6+ #7\n[  158.840624] Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE, [W]=WARN\n[  158.840802] Hardware name: VMware, Inc. VMware20,1/VBSA, BIOS VMW201.00V.24006586.BA64.2406042154 06/04/2024\n[  158.841220] pstate: 61400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO +DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)\n[  158.841563] pc : refcount_warn_saturate+0x160/0x1a0\n[  158.841780] lr : refcount_warn_saturate+0x160/0x1a0\n[  158.842000] sp : ffff800089be7d80\n[  158.842147] x29: ffff800089be7d80 x28: ffff00008e68c148 x27: ffff00008e68c148\n[  158.842492] x26: ffff0002e3b5c000 x25: ffff600011cd1829 x24: ffff00008653c010\n[  158.842832] x23: ffff00008653c000 x22: 1fffe00011cd1829 x21: ffff00008653c028\n[  158.843175] x20: 0000000000000002 x19: ffff00008653c010 x18: 0000000000000000\n[  158.843505] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: 0000000000000000\n[  158.843836] x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 0000000000000001 x12: ffff600050a26493\n[  158.844143] x11: 1fffe00050a26492 x10: ffff600050a26492 x9 : dfff800000000000\n[  158.844475] x8 : 00009fffaf5d9b6e x7 : ffff000285132493 x6 : 0000000000000001\n[  158.844823] x5 : ffff000285132490 x4 : ffff600050a26493 x3 : ffff8000805e72bc\n[  158.845174] x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : ffff000098588000\n[  158.845528] Call trace:\n[  158.845658]  refcount_warn_saturate+0x160/0x1a0 (P)\n[  158.845894]  svc_recv+0x58c/0x680 [sunrpc]\n[  158.846183]  nfsd+0x1fc/0x348 [nfsd]\n[  158.846390]  kthread+0x274/0x2f8\n[  158.846546]  ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20\n[  158.846714] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nnfsd_nl_listener_set_doit() would manipulate the list of transports of\nserver\u0027s sv_permsocks and close the specified listener but the other\nlist of transports (server\u0027s sp_xprts list) would not be changed leading\nto the problem above.\n\nInstead, determined if the nfsdctl is trying to remove a listener, in\nwhich case, delete all the existing listener transports and re-create\nall-but-the-removed ones."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:11:10.996Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a84c80515ca8a0cdf6d06f1b6ca721224b08453e"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/052a34f093fb940a145493d1438e7abbfe507cdd"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0f42df0ab2b11ea6b2884bdaf6dbc3be6dde7e82"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d093c90892607be505e801469d6674459e69ab89"
        }
      ],
      "title": "nfsd: fix management of listener transports",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-22024",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-16T14:11:45.975Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.807Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:11:10.996Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}


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Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.